Family of Gautama Buddha

His father was king Śuddhodana, leader of the Shakya clan in what was the growing state of Kosala, and his mother was queen Maya.

He is believed to be a leader of the Shakya clan, who lived within the state of Kosala, on the northern border of Ancient India.

Suddhodana was said to be greatly troubled by the departure of his son and is reported in Buddhist scriptures to have sent 10,000 messengers to plead with Gautama to return.

She is said, in Buddhist scriptures, to have been reborn in Tusita, where her son later visited her, paid respects and taught the dharma to her.

[2] Princess Yaśodharā was the wife of Siddhartha who later became Gautama Buddha.She was the daughter of Koliya king Suppabuddha and Queen Amitha.

Siddhartha and Yaśodharā were first cousins.Yaśodharā's father was the brother of Queen Maya and Mahapajapati Gotami while Her mother Amitha was the sister of King Suddhodana.

Yaśodharā was married to Siddhartha at the age of sixteen and both of them shared respect and rapport with each other but it is also said they both didn't have much desires toward marital life.

It took long time Yaśodharā to conceive a child, a boy named Rahula born on the day Siddhartha left the palace.

Buddha at that moment told the jathaka of "Sanda kinduruda " (Story of early life of Yaśodharā ) and how she devoted to him with great respect in previous lives.

After five years when Gautama Buddha gave permission of women entering to sangha she too became a bhikkhuni and attained arhat.

[7] This long gestation period is explained by bad karma from previous lives of both Yaśodharā and of Rāhula himself, although more naturalistic reasons are also given.

[8] As a result of the late birth, Yaśodharā needs to prove that Rāhula is really Prince Siddhārtha's son, which she eventually does successfully by an act of truth.

[9] Historian Wolfgang Schumann [de] has argued that Prince Siddhārtha conceived Rāhula and waited for his birth, to be able to leave the palace with the king and queen's permission,[10] but Orientalist Noël Péri considered it more likely that Rāhula was born after Prince Siddhārtha left his palace.

[5] He teaches the young novice about truth, self-reflection,[6] and not-self,[13] eventually leading to Rāhula's enlightenment.

[19] Maha Pajapati Gotami (Sanskrit: Mahāprajāpatī Gotamī) was the youngest daughter of King Añjana and Queen Sulakkhana.

After many refusals due to their safety sake, the Buddha finally agreed to allow women to enter the Sangha.

[28] Ānanda performs his duties with great devotion and care, and acts as an intermediary between the Buddha and the laypeople, as well as the Saṅgha (monastic community).

Ānanda has an important role in establishing the order of bhikkhunis, when he requests the Buddha on behalf of the latter's foster-mother Mahāpajāpati Gotamī (Sanskrit: Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī) to allow her to be ordained.

[39] During the same council, however, he is chastised by Mahākassapa (Sanskrit: Mahākāśyapa) and the rest of the Saṅgha for allowing women to be ordained and failing to understand or respect the Buddha at several crucial moments.

[46] In the Sanskrit textual traditions, Ānanda is widely considered the patriarch of the Dhamma, who stands in a spiritual lineage, receiving the teaching from Mahākassapa and passing them on to his own pupils.

[47] Ānanda has been honored by bhikkhunis since early medieval times for his merits in establishing the nun's order.

He was ordained into the sangha along with his brothers and friends and their barber, Upāli, when the Buddha preached to the Shakyas in Kapilavastu.