The empire became split beginning with the succession war of his grandsons Kublai Khan and Ariq Boke.
Kublai Khan, after defeating his younger brother Ariq Boke, founded the Yuan dynasty of China in 1271.
In 1662, Koxinga regained control of Taiwan from the Dutch colonial regime, and established a state for those who wished restore the Ming dynasty to power.
Legend: The following is a simplified family tree for the Qing dynasty, which was established in 1636, ruled China proper from 1644 to 1912.
During these periods, the two monarchs only dominated Manchuria, but were not emperors of China as a whole; their years of reign over the dynasty are therefore given in brackets.
Puyi abdicated as head of state on February 12, 1912, but was permitted to retain his imperial titles until 1924.