Fangataufa (or Fangatafoa) is an uninhabited coral atoll in the eastern part of the Tuamotu Archipelago in French Polynesia.

There is an abandoned airfield, built to accommodate medium size transport aircraft, on the NE coast of the atoll.

[5] Occasionally occupied during the 20th century, the atoll was selected by France in 1963 for use as a nuclear test site to replace Reggane and In Ecker in the Algerian Sahara.

The zone includes the lagoon areas enclosed by the atoll and by baselines linking the closest points emerging from the reef on both sides of the channel.

The atoll has been the subject of radiological monitoring since 1998 with an annual environmental sampling campaign carried out by Defense personnel and the Atomic Energy Commission (CEA).

The Economic, Social and Cultural Council at the start of this report recommends that "the State recognizes the nuclear fact and assumes its full responsibility accordingly".

[17] The objective of this study was to establish an assessment of the available international scientific knowledge on the health consequences of the atmospheric nuclear tests conducted by France in French Polynesia, on the general population and former civilian and military workers.

In January 2012 French Polynesian President Oscar Temaru called for the return of Fangataufa and Mururoa.