[19] Farmingdale was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 8, 1903, from portions of Howell Township.

[21] According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 0.52 square miles (1.35 km2), all of which was land.

[25] The 2010 United States census counted 1,329 people, 547 households, and 342 families in the borough.

Of all households, 28.2% were made up of individuals and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

[17] The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $63,191 (with a margin of error of +/− $2,838) and the median family income was $69,688 (+/− $10,093).

[32] As of the 2000 United States census[14] there were 1,587 people, 625 households, and 406 families residing in the borough.

29.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

A mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office.

[5] The borough form of government used by Farmingdale is a "weak mayor / strong council" government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie.

The mayor can veto ordinances subject to an override by a two-thirds majority vote of the council.

[34][35] As of 2025[update], the mayor of Farmingdale is Republican James A. Daly, whose term of office ends December 31, 2027; Daly had taken office after having been named as acting mayor following the March 2016 death of John P. "Jay" Morgan.

[36] Members of the Borough Council are Council President Patricia A. Linszky (R, 2027), Erich Brandl (R, 2026), Kaaren L. Corallo (R, 2027), George J. Dyevoich (R, 2025), Colleen Sagan (R, 2025) and Don H. Steinfeld (R, 2026).

[3][37][38][39][40] In July 2020, the borough council appointed Colleen Sagan to fill the seat expiring in December 2022 that had been held by Michael J. Romano until his death two months earlier.

[45][46][47] For the 119th United States Congress, New Jersey's 4th congressional district is represented by Chris Smith (R, Manchester Township).

[48][49] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027) and Andy Kim (Moorestown, term ends 2031).

[85] The FRHSD board of education has nine members, who are elected to three-year terms from each of the constituent districts.