Fauteux felt a calling to the priesthood so he studied theology at the Grand Séminaire de Montréal between the years of 1887–1893.

[2] Discovering that his vocation was not in the clergy, he enrolled in law school at the Université Laval de Montréal.

The Great Depression caused the closure of the library in 1931, but Fauteux was hired by the city and worked as a librarian until his death in 1941.

Fauteux died a widower in Montréal on 22 April 1941, leaving an adopted daughter, Marie-Laure.

[5] During his life he produced six volumes of literary works and a dozen of critical editions.