He is the eldest prince of the Kingdom of Bahrain and the brother of Shaikh Bin Salman Al Khalifa.

From 2000 to 2010 Fawaz was President of Bahrain's General Organization for Youth and Sports.

From July 2010 to 2012 during the Arab Spring he was President of the Information Affairs Authority which was formed in July 2010 as a split from the portfolio of the Ministry of Culture and Information by a decree from King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa.

In April 2011 the IAA suspended Al-Wasat (Bahraini newspaper), Bahrain's only independent newspaper, and the authority was involved in the detention of an Iraqi journalist who was beaten and deported.

On August 24, 2015 he was appointed ambassador in London, where he presented his credentials in Buckingham Palace in December 2015, on February 17, 2016 in The Hague, on April 12, 2016 in Dublin, and on October 21, 2016 in Stockholm.