Born in São Paulo, Felippe Cardoso joined Osvaldo Cruz's youth setup in 2016, and was promoted to the first-team ahead of the 2017 season.
He made his senior debut on 8 April of that year, starting and scoring the opener in a 1–1 Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão home draw against Presidente Prudente.
Promoted to the main squad by manager Eduardo Baptista,[2] Felippe Cardoso made his debut for Ponte on 17 January 2018, starting and being sent off in a 1–0 away win against Corinthians.
On 8 October 2018, despite playing only one match since his arrival, Felippe Cardoso signed a permanent five-year contract with Peixe, after the club activated his buyout clause of R$ 3 million.
On 5 July 2019, after losing space with new manager Jorge Sampaoli, Felippe Cardoso was loaned to fellow top tier side Ceará.