[1][2] The nerve enters Scarpa's triangle by passing beneath the inguinal ligament, just lateral to the femoral artery.

In the thigh, the nerve lies in a groove between iliacus muscle and psoas major muscle, outside the femoral sheath, and lateral to the femoral artery.

After a short course of about 4 cm in the thigh, the nerve is divided into anterior and posterior divisions, separated by lateral femoral circumflex artery.

The branches are shown below:[1] Signals from the femoral nerve and its branches can be blocked to interrupt the transmission of pain signals from the innervation area.

[5] This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 955 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)