His parents were Austrian Field Marshal and Governor of Sicily, Johann Georg Christian, Prince of Lobkowicz (1686–1755) and his wife Karoline Henriette von Waldstein (1702–1780).
On 21 January 1751, Ferdinand Maria von Lobkowitz was ordained a priest and subsequently served as vicar in Salzburg and canon in Liège and Augsburg.
Pope Clement XIV appointed him Bishop of Namur on 30 January 1772.
His motto was Ad haerere Deus bonum (It is good to attach oneself to God).
On 23 June 1794, the Bishop fled from the approaching French revolutionaries, via Antwerp, Düsseldorf and Delft to Münster, where he arrived ill, and died on 29 January 1795 at the age of 68.