[4] In 1975, while living in Argentina, Gullar wrote his best-known work, "Poema Sujo" ("Dirty Poem" in English), in which he attributes his decision to stop writing poetry to the increasing persecution of exiles, many of whom were found dead, and to hypothetical thoughts about his own death.

Gullar read the poem at Augusto Boal's house in Buenos Aires during a meeting organized by Vinicius de Moraes.

The reading, recorded on tape, became well known among Brazilian intellectuals, who tried to guarantee[clarification needed] Gullar's returned to Brazil in 1977, where he continued writing for newspapers and publishing books.

Gullar was considered one of the most influential Brazilians of the 20th century by Época magazine,[6] and was awarded the Jabuti Prize for best fiction book in 2007.

[7] The magazine recalls its critical stance in opinion articles about the populism of former President Lula da Silva, posted in national newspaper Folha de S.Paulo.