Fiľakovo (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈfiʎakɔʋɔ]; Hungarian: Fülek, German: Fülleck, Turkish: Filek) is a town in the Banská Bystrica Region of south-central Slovakia.

In 1553 the town with the castle was conquered by the Turks and was the seat of a sanjak until 1593, when it was reconquered by the Imperial troops.

However, it was conquered once more by the Ottomans in 1662 and the town along with the castle was burned down in 1682 by troops of Imre Thököly.

Before the establishment of independent Czechoslovakia in 1918, it was part of Nógrád County within the Kingdom of Hungary.

According to the 2001 census, ethnic groups included 64.40% Hungarians, 30.19% Slovaks, and 4.03% Roma.