In 1972, SJPD Lieutenant Robert Allen proposed an eight-week training program using a daily observation report (DOR).
FTOs are also responsible for examining, completing, documenting, and discussing the scores from the DOR with the trainee and officials.
Though originating with law enforcement, FTO programs have also been adopted by emergency medical services and fire departments, many of which mandate formal orientation programs that are more robust and comprehensive than the credentialing process typically seen in hospitals and other medical organizations.
This is particularly true of agencies that perform "high risk, low frequency" skills that are subject to increased scrutiny.
EMS FTPs are unique in that they have both public safety and medical concerns and parameters, and work dramatically different schedules than those normally seen in law enforcement.
A good FTP reduces civil litigation alleging negligent hiring and retention of trainees.
Though the final evaluations of FTPs typically consists of the trainee being observed by the FTO and must handle incidents by themselves, certain variants and models do not include this due to liability and safety concerns, as an inexperienced trainee may be injured or fail to properly perform important actions in certain situations without assistance.