José María Cornelio Figueroa Alcorta (November 20, 1860 – December 27, 1931) was an Argentine lawyer and politician, who managed to be the only person to head the three powers of the State: Vice President of the Nation (President of the Senate), from October 12, 1904 to March 12, 1906, President of the Nation from that date and until October 12, 1910; and President of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Argentine Nation, from 1929 until his death in 1931.

He was elected a National Deputy for Córdoba before becoming Provincial Governor in 1895.

In 1898 he returned to the Argentine Congress as a Senator.

In 1904 he became Vice-President of Argentina and in 1906 succeeded Manuel Quintana as President.

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