Polášek reached his first ATP final at the 2008 Valencia Open with partner Travis Parrott, they fell to Máximo González and Juan Mónaco in two tight sets 5–7, 5–7.

[6] In 2013 Polášek reached three ATP finals with partner Julian Knowle, winning the later two the Zagreb Indoors and the Grand Prix Hassan II.

[7] Several years after retirement and allowing his body to heal through less strenuous activities such as coaching tennis and ski touring, Polášek hit with Mike Bryan and started playing some club matches again, and the pain of his previous injuries didn't seem to be reoccurring.

[12] Dodig and Polášek began their 2020 season at the Adelaide International, where they reached the final, losing to Maximo Gonzalez and Fabrice Martin.

[17] After two weeks quarantine in Australia, they reached the semifinals of the Great Ocean Road Open, where they lost out to Jamie Murray and Bruno Soares.

[18] Continuing to partner with Dodig, Polášek won his first Grand Slam tournament at the Australian Open defeating Rajeev Ram and Joe Salisbury in the final.