Fire shelter

A fire shelter is a safety device of last resort used by wildland firefighters when trapped by wildfires.

While such a shelter cannot withstand sustained contact with flames, it can protect a firefighter's life in a short-lived grass fire.

Furthermore, it is designed to reflect radiant heat, protect against convective heat, and trap breathable air — most firefighters' deaths are from inhaling hot gases — so that firefighters can survive in non-burning areas surrounded by intense fire for more than an hour.

[1] First required in the United States in 1977, fire shelters are constructed layers of aluminum foil, woven silica, and fiberglass.

[5] In the United States fire shelters began being used by wildland firefighters during the late 1960s and have proven extremely effective.