The 1st federal electoral district of Querétaro (Distrito electoral federal 01 de Querétaro) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of six such districts in the state of Querétaro.

[1] It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system.

Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies; since 2024, those elected from the fifth region.

[2][3] Under the National Electoral Institute's 2022 districting plan, which assigned Querétaro an additional seat in Congress and will be used for the 2024, 2027 and 2030 federal elections,[4] the 1st district covers 11 municipalities in the north of the state: Its head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the city of Cadereyta.

With the Sierra Gorda mountain range accounting for much of its area, it is by far the state's largest district.