Flaithrí Ó Maolchonaire (also known as Florence Conry, Conroy, O'Mulconry, Omoelchonry Omulconner; c. 1560 – 18 November 1629), was an Irish Franciscan and theologian, founder of the College of St Anthony of Padua, Leuven, and Archbishop of Tuam.

They belonged to a well-known family of historians and poets whose principal estate was at Cluain Plocáin (Ballymulconry), civil parish of Kiltrustan, County Roscommon.

In a memorial of 1606, Francisco Arias Dávila y Bobadilla, conde de Puñonrostro, stated that Ó Maolchonaire was ordained after taking the habit of the friars minor.

'[4] After the disaster of Kinsale in 1601, Ó Maolchonaire accompanied O'Donnell to Spain as his confessor and adviser, hoping to see a renewal of Spanish military intervention in Ireland.

Aware that the patronage vital to military intervention and to the education of their followers came from the same sources, Ó Maolchonaire continued to press for action after the death of O'Donnell.

[8] Ó Maolchonaire subsequently assisted the Spanish councils of state and war to stem the flow of Irish military migrants and their dependents in Spain.

[9] As adviser to Puñonrostro, the king's appointee as protector of Irish exiles in Spain, Ó Maolchonaire helped to secure funds for widows, orphans and clerics.

[13] Christopher St. Laurence, baron of Howth, implicated Ó Maolchonaire in a plot to seize Dublin Castle and raise a new rebellion just before the Flight of the Earls.

He communicated in 1610 to the Council of Spain, a translation of the original (Irish) statement of one Francis Maguire concerning his observations in the "State of Virginia", between 1608 and 1610, a curious and unique document of the earliest English settlements in the New World and the life and habits of the Indian tribes.

Like his fellow-Franciscan, Luke Wadding, and Peter Lombard, Archbishop of Armagh, Ó Maolchonaire served as a key intermediary and his influence in Irish matters was considerable.

In 1626, a year after Charles I declared war on Spain, Ó Maolchonaire made the case for an invasion of Ireland under the joint leadership of the earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnell.

An epitaph in stone by Nicolas Aylmer recorded his virtues, learning and love of country:-- :Ordinis altus honor, fidei patriaeque honos, Pontificum merito laude perenne jubar.

It appears to be the first formal application of Bellarmine and Suárez to the political situation in Ireland with Ó Maolchonaire rejecting the right of temporal princes to claim spiritual jurisdiction.

His Peregrinus Jerichontinus, hoc est de natura humana feliciter instituta, infeliciter lapsa, miserabiter vulnerata, misericorditer restaurata (ed.