Flatonia is a town in southwestern Fayette County, Texas, United States.

Located on Interstate 10 and the Union Pacific Railroad, 12 miles (19 km) west of Schulenburg,[6] the population was 1,308 at the 2020 census.

[7] Established on April 8, 1874, on land that the Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio Railway acquired from William Alexander Faries (the family name is also spelled "Ferris" and "Farris"), the community was named after F. W. Flato,[8] a local merchant and one of the first settlers, of whom most were Anglo American.

[6] The location of the railway and inexpensive real estate led to the arrival of Arab, Bohemian, German, Greek, and Italian immigrants in several waves.

The north-south line of the Waco branch of the San Antonio and Aransas Pass Railway opened in the mid-1880s, leading to new settlements of Muldoon and Moulton.

[6] During the first half of the 20th century, Flatonia's prospects increased and decreased according to the national economy and cattle and cotton markets.

In 1950 Flatonia had 1,024 residents, 50 businesses, and a wide farm and ranch service area.

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,308 people, 496 households, and 412 families residing in the town.

Many residents of Flatonia are of Czech, Slovak, German, or other Central European heritage.

[16] The E. A. Arnim Archives and Museum has a collection of antique furniture, household items, clothing and historical documents used by the early settlers of Flatonia.

There is a livery stable behind the museum with wagons, buggies, and vintage tack and farm implements.