The park was created by a royal resolution on 1 June 1973 and covers the entire island of Prins Karls Forland and well as the sea around it.

In the region there are numerous archeological remains from Norwegian and Russian hunters and whalers.

Forlandsøyane Bird Sanctuary inside the park has been recognised as a wetland of international importance by designation under the Ramsar Convention.

The national park has also been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports breeding populations of barnacle geese, common eiders and black guillemots.

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