Fort Bend County commissioned Charles Henry Page in late 1907 to design the building.

1981 renovations were carried out by Ray Bailey Architects[3] and restored or reconstructed many original features of the building, including the courtroom's internal balcony, which had been destroyed during the 1935 works.

[2] Other contemporary examples built by Page in this style include the Anderson, Hays, and Williamson County courthouses.

The entirety of the roof is decorated with heavy copper eaves, fascia, and cornices, especially underneath each side dome.

Four columns extend from the ground up to a protruding third-story entablature, which supports a triangular pediment with a circular window.

The first-floor windows are arched, providing symmetry with the front entryway, while the top two floors have rectangular ones.

[4] The 1935 annex was originally meant to house the jail and was intended to be four stories, but construction plans changed just prior to the groundbreaking.

[5] On the northeast corner of the property sits a historic marker for Constantine W. Buckley, a prominent Texas politician and district judge.

[6] Two prominent Fort Bend County residents have been memorialized with portraits hung inside the courthouse.

Fleming was one of the plaintiffs in the US Supreme Court case Terry v. Adams, which overturned Fort Bend County's longstanding Jim Crow law that barred non-white citizens from primary elections.

[8][9] A statue of Mirabeau B. Lamar, prominent politician of the Republic of Texas, sits in front of the courthouse.