Montjuïc Castle

A year later, in January 1641, the fort saw its first battle, during the Catalan Revolt when the Principality of Catalonia challenged Spain's authority.

The Spanish recaptured several cities, but they were defeated at the Battle of Montjuïc by Catalan, led by Francesc de Tamarit.

[1] As an extraordinary engineer and with the rank of second lieutenant, Giovanni Antonio Medrano was assigned to the garrisons of Catalonia, Valencia and Murcia, specializing in the design of large territorial infrastructures and plants for the military defence, such as Montjuïc Castle in Barcelona which he drew up in 1730.

[2] With these new designs, the old fort was demolished in 1751 by the Spanish engineer and architect Juan Martin Cermeño, creating the current structure, still standing.

In the last 350 years Montjuïc Castle has played a decisive role in the history of Barcelona, becoming a symbol after the Catalan defeat to Spain in 1714.

[citation needed] In the late 19th century, Montjuïc was synonymous with barbarism based on the torture of anarchists and others imprisoned there.