[3] After the formation of New Serbia on the lands of Ukrainian Cossacks, the fortress was created to protect the territories of Serbian settlers from Tatar raids.

[4][5] The Hadiach-Myrhorod regiment of Ukrainian Cossacks (1390 males) arrived to build the fortress, which completed the main works in four months: from June 12 to October 1754.

A whole city was built on the territory of the fortress, in the center of which stood the wooden Holy Trinity Church, which from 1755 until 1801 it had the status of a cathedral.

Here were commandant's, general's, protopope's houses, powder cellars [7] In 1763, a school for officers' children was opened in the fortress, in 1764, the first civilian printing press in Ukraine was founded.

Since 1775, the fortress of St. Elizabeth finally lost its defensive significance, after the liquidation of Zaporozhian Sich in 1775 its archive consisting of 30000 documents of Ukrainian Cossacks of 16-18 century was kept for a long time here until they were transported to Kyiv in 1918 during the War of Independence.

Also it was from this fortress at the end of May 1775 that a 100,000 soldiers under the command of General Peter Tekeli set out for Sich, which was defended by a garrison of 3,000 Ukrainian Cossacks.

[12] On January 26, 1837, Georgi Emmanuel, a participant in the War of 1812, a famous commander of Serbian origin, was buried 3 kilometers from the fortress (today Sanatorny Lane).

On September 24, 1922, after a speech at a meeting of local communists in which he called for the Red Terror, Mikhail Frunze visited the fortress.