Francis Cranmer Penrose FRS (29 October 1817 – 15 February 1903) was an English architect, archaeologist, astronomer and sportsman rower.
His mother was the daughter of Edmund Cartwright and a teacher and author of children's books under the name Mrs Markham.
In 1843 in Rome, Penrose noticed a problem with the pitch of the roof of pediment of the Pantheon – subsequent research confirmed that the angle had been changed from its original design.
[8] Penrose's work on St Paul's included the choir seats and the marble pulpit and stairs.
He designed the entrance gate of Magdalene College and the Chapel Court of St John's in Cambridge.