The first Höchst station was built as part of one of the oldest railways in Germany.

On 26 September 1839, four years after the opening of Germany's first railway from Nuremberg to Fürth, the first section of the Taunus Railway opened from the Taunus station in Frankfurt, running nine kilometres west to Höchst.

At the time, the line was an international route, connecting the Free City of Frankfurt and the Duchy of Nassau.

On 19 May 1840, the line was completed via Hattersheim, Flörsheim and Mainz-Kastel (then in the Grand Duchy of Hesse) to Wiesbaden, the capital of Nassau.

The station is served by line S 1 and S 2 of the Rhine-Main S-Bahn, operating during the day at 30-minute intervals, together providing service every 15 minutes between Frankfurt-Höchst and central Frankfurt.

The station is served by the RB 10 service between Frankfurt Hbf and Neuwied every hour, operated by VIAS.