Frederick Bernays "Fritz" Wiener (June 1, 1906 – October 1, 1996) was an American jurist specializing in military justice and constitutional law who became famous for the 1957 case of Reid v. Covert, which represents the only time a lawyer lost in the Supreme Court of the United States but prevailed on rehearing.
That case was particularly notable in that it established that "no agreement with a foreign nation [i.e., no treaty] can confer power on the Congress, or on any other branch of Government, which is free from the restraints of the Constitution.
During World War II, he served in the Judge Advocate General's Corps, retiring from the United States Army in 1966 with the rank of colonel.
[5] On 6 August 1984, he testified[7] before the United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Civil Service, Post Office and General Services, chaired by Senator Ted Stevens, against the passage of Senate Bill 2116, a bill which, based on the findings of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, sought to provide an apology and financial reparations to Japanese-Americans interned during World War II.
Wiener testified that the commission's report contained numerous misstatements and omissions that led to erroneous conclusions, in part because several of the commissioners had made up their minds before the investigation began.