Vilhelm Frederik Treschow (15 September 1786 – 2 April 1869) was a Danish supreme court attorney, politician, landowner and philanthropist.

In 1820–1821, he defended Jacob Jacobsen Dampe and in 1825–1826 he represented Grundtvigs against H. N. Clausen in a case about defamation and paid his fine of 100 Danish rigsdaler.

From 1828 to 1833 and again from 1840–1845, 1849–1854 and 1858–1863, he represented the Bank of Denmark (from 1832 as chairman) and became a member of the commission in the so-called Twelve Million Case in 1838.

Treschow participated in the work leading to the adoption of the Constitution of Denmark as a representative appointed by the king.

Treschow was the administrator of numerous trusts, including Admiral Winterfeldts Stiftelse "Trøstens Bolig" which provided affordable housing for needy women.