[2] Roman Catholic and non-denominational Christian churches have been established in Nouakchott, Atar, Zouerate, Nouadhibou and Rosso, but are not open to local citizens.
Islam is generally considered to be the essential cohesive element unifying the country's various ethnic groups and castes.
One exception is a small stipend to the imam of the Central Mosque in the capital city of Nouakchott provided by the government.
The oath of office includes a promise to God to uphold the law of the land in conformity with Islamic precepts.
New laws in 2021 make it easier for faith-based NGOs to register and operate, but they are not allowed to proselytise or promote non-Islamic religions.
In June 2009 American aid worker Chris Leggett was murdered for allegedly proselytizing, according to the Barnabas Fund.
However, in April 2018, parliament passed a new law that strengthens the existing death penalty punishment for certain blasphemy offenses.