It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Kelheim, Landshut, Erding, Munich, Dachau and Pfaffenhofen.

The Isar and Amper rivers run in parallel from southwest to northeast.

In the Holy Roman Empire, Freising was a clerical state ruled by the bishops.

In 1803, when the clerical states of Germany were dissolved, the region was annexed by Bavaria.

There is a crown on the moor's head, which probably indicated that the territory of the Bishop of Freising was autonomous.