The government acted under the nominal authority of Napoleon II, who had technically succeeded his father as Emperor after the abdication; however, this was a mere formality, since Napoleon II was a four-year-old child and was in Austria with his mother Marie Louise, and thus unable to actually exercise his powers.

Following the second Bourbon Restoration, on 9 July 1815 the Provisional Government was replaced by the Ministry of Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord.

On 12 June 1815 Napoleon left Paris for modern day Belgium, where the two Coalition armies, an allied one commanded by the Duke of Wellington and a Prussian one under Prince Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher were assembling.

[6] The two Coalition armies under Prince Blücher and the Duke of Wellington and advanced from the north and surrounded Paris.

[7] With the capital and departments occupied by Coalition troops, the Executive Commission was unable to function and resigned on 7 July 1815.