Fructuós Gelabert

He also experimented with special effects in works such as "Choque de Transatlánticos" (1899) and developed technological innovations, including a projection lamp that enhanced image brightness.

After 1915, Gelabert’s career declined due to increasing competition in the film industry and personal financial struggles.

He briefly returned to directing with "La Puntaire" (1928), but the rise of sound films rendered it commercially unsuccessful.

In his later years, Gelabert focused on inventions and continued to explore ideas for filmmaking, including early concepts for 3D cinema.

His surviving works are preserved at the Filmoteca de Catalunya, and he is regarded as one of the foundational figures in Spanish cinema.