The causeway carries traffic over Galveston Bay and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway.
The construction of a new southbound bridge began in 2006, however Hurricane Ike delayed completion until November 2008.
This is in contrast to a typical hurricane, which would cause the closure of the causeway due to wind before surge.
As of the early afternoon on September 13, 12 hours after official landfall, the causeway was blocked by numerous watercraft.
In 2001, the U.S. Coast Guard had declared the old span's narrow passageway to be a hazard to navigation.