Later he moved to Göttingen where he was associated with Arnold Sommerfeld, David Hilbert and Georg Cantor.

[2] Prasad returned to India from Europe in 1904 and was appointed professor of mathematics at the Muir Central College, Allahabad.

Within a year of his appointment at Allahabad, Prasad was sent to the Queen's College, Banaras and he continued there till 1914 when he was invited to head the mathematics department of Calcutta University.

Ganesh Prasad was the Ras Behari Ghosh Chair of Applied Mathematics of Calcutta University (he was the first person to occupy this Chair[3]) from 1914 to 1917 and Hardinge Professor of Mathematics in the same University from 1923 till his death on 9 March 1935.

Ganesh Prasad authored 11 books including A Treatise on Spherical Harmonics and the Functions of Bessel and Lame and over fifty research papers in mathematics.

Ganesh Prasad worked hard for the promotion of education in general in the rural areas of Uttar Pradesh.