[2][3] Gangulu traditional lands occupied an estimated 16,000 square kilometres (6,000 sq mi) about the Dawson River as far south as Banana and Theodore.
Their eastern frontier lay towards Biloela, Mount Morgan, Gogango Range, and the upper Don River.
[1] A correspondent of E. M. Curr, Peter McIntosh, a resident of the area, stated that the Gangulu were a confederation of several groups, the main ones being the Karranbal, the Maudalgo, and the Mulkali.
[4] No further data were recorded to enable ethnographer Norman Tindale to clarify the precise nature of the last two groups,[1] but the AUSTLANG database by AIATSIS reports that the Karranbal is the Garaynbal (Garingbal) dialect of Biri[5] and Maudalgo is a variant name of the Wadjigu language and people, a separate group from the Biri, who spoke a Bidjara dialect.
Along with many other remnants of Queensland tribes who had lost their traditional lands to colonial pastoralists, members of the Kangulu moved to the Cherbourg settlement.