Garland grenade

It was invented by the metallurgist Herbert Garland at the Cairo Citadel, and more than 174,000 were issued to the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force.

[1][2] Garland developed the grenades during the first year of the First World War (1914-1918); some 174,000 would be produced and issued to the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force.

[3] Garland served with Lawrence in Arabia as an explosives expert and was responsible for much of the damage caused to the Ottoman railway system.

[2] The first version of the grenade was made from empty food tins that were filled with explosive, barbed wire and spent bullet cases.

This would trigger the fuse to detonate 3 ounces (85 g) of gelignite within the zinc tube, fragmenting the case to act as shrapnel.