Gelnica (Hungarian: Gölnicbánya, German: Göllnitz) is a town in the Košice Region of Eastern Slovakia.

It is located in the northern part of the Slovak Ore Mountains, in the Hnilec river valley, which flows a few kilometres downstream into Hornád.

The town lies at the both banks of Hnilec, has an altitude of 375 metres (1,230 feet), and is located around 38 kilometres (24 miles) from Košice.

For many years Gelnica was a chief mining town in Szepes County of the Kingdom of Hungary.

Other attractions include a Gothic church and Renaissance town hall, both remodelled along Baroque lines, and a mining museum.