[9] The term challenges binary categories of sex and gender and enables some Indigenous people to reclaim traditional roles within their societies.

[9] According to the 2012 Risk and Resilience study of Bisexual Mental Health, "the most common identities reported by transgender Aboriginal participants were two-spirit, genderqueer, and bigender.

In the Philippines, they use the umbrella term baklâ to refer to "those born male who currently exist with a feminine gender expression.

[8] European colonization strictly enforced the binary gender concept onto many groups, including those mentioned above.

[8] The Spanish began to use the word baklâ as a slur in order to pressure Filipino people into adopting European ideals of gender expression.

[10][11][12] As a result, opinions vary on how to accurately categorize historical accounts of gender-variant people and identities, including genderfluid individuals.