He then became a consultant to the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations and published a study on US military sales to Iran (co-authored with Robert Mantel).
In the late 1970s, Kemp became a Consultant to the Office of Program Analysis and Evaluation in the Pentagon working for Paul Wolfowitz, the Persian Deputy Assistant Secretary.
Together with Dennis Ross and others, Kemp wrote the first draft of the report asserting dangers to U.S. interests of what they believed to be growing Soviet Union involvement with countries in the region, particularly Iraq.
In 1981 Kemp joined the Reagan administration and was appointed as Senior Director for Near East and South Asian Affairs on the National Security Council.
Kemp advised the President on potential conflicts facing the United States in the region, and was involved in decisions on policy for the Lebanon, the Arab-Israeli dispute, the emerging American presence in the Persian Gulf, and the war in Afghanistan.