On April 3, 1919, members of the Galician Parliament headed by Wincenty Witos appealed to the Sejm of the Republic of Poland to establish the Polish Institute of Geology, which began operating on May 7, 1919.

In the 1950s, the museum was decorated with a specimen of salt from the Wieliczka Crystal Caves, a petrified trunk of a Carboniferous gymnosperm tree and skeletons of Pleistocene mammals.

The mammoth skeleton exhibited at the PGI museum was assembled in the summer of 1957 from bone materials from the Pyskowice site by prof. dr. Zbigniew Ryziewicz and dr. Teresa Czyżewska from the University of Wrocław.

On the 90th anniversary of the existence of the Polish Geological Institute, a commemorative plaque dedicated to Paweł Edmund Strzelecki was unveiled, and the main exhibition hall was named after him.

Based on their chemical composition, the various classes of minerals as native elements, sulfides, halides, oxides and hydroxides, carbonates, sulfates, borates and phosphates, silicates and quartz group are discussed.

[4] The exhibition presents fossils of groups of animals as sponges, corals, molluscs such as clams, snails, tentaculites and cephalopods, arthropods, bryozoans, brachiopods, echinoderms, graptolites.

[4] "Metamorphism" exhibition features descriptions of over seventy specimens from around the world, including minerals and formed rocks, representative of three types of sedimentary environments: terrestrial, transitional, and marine.

The displays offer general information about each era and period, including typical fossils, rocks, and minerals found in specific regions of Poland.

The exhibition is complemented by geological maps of Poland, a stratigraphic table depicting the evolution of the organic world, a board illustrating the distribution of continents throughout Earth's history, and a diorama featuring models of the first land tetrapods.