[1][2] This centipede is found in several European countries, including Austria, the Czech Republic, Italy, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovenia, and Romania.

[8][6] In 1996, however, the Austrian zoologist Erhard Christian deemed G. pauropus to be a junior synonym of G. oligopus,[9] and authorities now consider these centipedes to be the same species.

[10][5] In 1988, however, the Italian biologist Alessandro Minelli deemed G. noricus to be a junior synonym of G. oligopus, and authorities now consider these centipedes to be the same species.

[11][13][12] A cladistic analysis based on the morphology of ten European species of Geophilus places G. oligopus in a clade with G. persephones in a phylogenetic tree.

These three species share many traits, including second maxillae that end in tubercles, carpophagus structures on the anterior sternites, and long setae on the head, trunk, and legs.