Geoplaninae is a subfamily of land planarians endemic to the Neotropical region.

[1][2] Members of this family are sometimes referred to as the Neotropical land planarians.

[3] The subfamily Geoplaninae was initially defined by Ogren and Kawakatsu (1990)[4] for land planarians which have a broad creeping sole, mouth in the second half of the body, dorsal testes, subepithelial longitudinal musculature well developed and parenchymal longitudinal musculature absent or not well developed.

The eyes contour the anterior region in a single row and posteriorly form several rows, which may spread onto the dorsum, and extend to the posterior end of the body.

[2][6][7] Currently the land planarians in the subfamily Geoplaninae are grouped into 9 tribes and 37 genera:[1]