Georg Friedrich Nicolai

He admired the works of physiologist Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, and with internist Friedrich Kraus, he published a book on electrocardiography titled Das Elektrokardiogramm des gesunden und kranken Menschen.

Only three other intellectuals in Germany signed Nicolai's manifesto; they being physicist Albert Einstein, astronomer Wilhelm Julius Förster and philosopher Otto Buek.

[1] As a result, he was demoted and sent to the comparatively remote Tucheler Heide, West Prussia (Tuchola Forest) area.

The manuscript of Die Biologie des Krieges was smuggled to Switzerland; an unauthorized edition was published.

In 1922 he emigrated to South America where he worked and taught in Argentina, Physiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Cordoba and later Chile.