George Duncan Ludlow (29 September 1734 – 13 November 1808) was a lawyer and Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of the British Province of New York in the Thirteen Colonies who became the first Chief Justice of New Brunswick in Canada.

[6][7] He obtained a patent from King George II for a tract of 4,000 acres of land in what became Orange County, New York on the west bank of the Hudson River.

After Ludlow was passed over for the office of Chief Justice of the Province of New York in 1780, in favor of William Smith, he resigned from the bench.

"[10] Along with his brother Gabriel, he settled in the newly created Province of New Brunswick in Canada where the British Government gave them large tracts of land for the losses they sustained in New York.

George Ludlow found that slavery was lawful based on customs in North America despite there being no British statute legalizing it.

[13][14] George Duncan Ludlow also served on a local board of commissioners for the Sussex Vale Indian Residential School where he advocated for the total removal of Indigenous children from their parents.

Together, Frances and George were the parents of one son and two daughters, including:[10] Ludlow acquired about 1,500 acres about five miles north of the new province's capital of Fredericton where he built a large home on the Saint John River, which he called Spring Hill after the estate of Lieutenant Governor Cadwallader Colden, his New York patron of the 1760s.

[10] In February 1808, his brother Gabriel died and he suffered a paralytic stroke the following month that rendered him largely incapacitated until his death at Spring Hill on November 13, 1808.