[5] As vice-president of the Socialist, Radical and Citizen Group (SRC) in the National Assembly, Pau-Langevin was in charge of immigration and co-development issues between 2007 and 2009.

She fights the measure relating to DNA tests within the framework of family reunification and seizes, with her colleagues of the socialist group, the Constitutional Council on the subject of ethnic statistics.

[7] During the reshuffle of 2 April 2014, following the defeat of the majority in the municipal elections, Pau-Langevin was appointed Minister of Overseas in the First Valls government in place of Victorin Lurel.

[8] In this capacity, Pau-Langevin presented several plans for the overseas territories (youth, housing, health, security)[8] and in April 2016 managed several nights of urban violence in Mayotte.

[8] Pau-Langevin announced her resignation on 30 August 2016 (the same day as Emmanuel Macron) for personal reasons [and] regaining contact with the field,[8] after having however made a press conference back to school the same morning.

Running for re-election in the 2017 legislative elections, Pau-Langevin won the second round with 60.3% of the votes cast, in a constituency where La République en marche had not invested a candidate.

[11] In addition to her committee assignments, Pau-Langevin was appointed by Prime Minister Jean Castex as deputy of Ombudsman (Défenseur des droits) Claire Hédon in 2020.