She had eight brothers: Joseph Ben (Jay), Robert, John Albert, Phillip, Lawrence Franklin, James Isaac, Rudolph and Carl.

Her parents, Frances Walker and Ben Gore Montgomery later moved the family to the state's largest metropolis, Louisville, as a result of a tornado destroying their two-room shack.

[1][4][5] As a young wife and mother of an adopted son, William (known as Billy), Georgia and her husband Norman "Nicky" Davis joined the New Covenant Presbyterian Church in Louisville.

[4]: 80  A fellow church member, Verna Smith, encouraged Montgomery to take her first steps into Democratic Party politics by joining the U.S. Senatorial campaign staff of Wilson Wyatt.

[6] Montgomery worked for the Allied Organization for Civil Rights in promoting statewide public accommodations and fair employment laws in the early 1960s.

In an oral history interview by Betsy Brinson in 2000, Governor Breathitt remembered: In her autobiography, I Shared the Dream: The Pride, Passion, and Politics of the First Black Woman Senator from Kentucky, Powers wrote that she had a personal relationship with Martin Luther King Jr. as a friend, trusted confidante, and lover.

[1][4]: 318–319 Montgomery was included in a national photographic exhibit that opened on February 8, 1989, at the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C.: Portraits of Black Women Who Changed America.

[1] In 2010 the Kentucky Legislature, under House Joint Resolution 67, renamed the portion of I-264 that runs through the West End of Louisville from I-64 near the Indiana border to the junction with US 31W the Georgia Davis Powers Expressway.