Souls in Filipino cultures

However, there are also instances where the body can still live despite the loss of all of its souls, such as the phenomenon called mekararuanan among the Ibanag.

[1][4] Each ethnic group in the Philippine islands has their own terms for ancestral spirits or souls of the dead.

[1] Due to the sheer diversity of indigenous words for ghosts, terms like espirito[1] and multo, both adopted from Spanish words such as muerto, have been used as all-encompassing terms for the souls or spirits of the dead in mainstream Filipino culture.

[1] In many cases among various Filipino ethnic groups, spirits of the dead are traditionally venerated and deified in accordance to ancient belief systems originating from the indigenous Philippine folk religions.

Among the many concepts of soul/s are as follow:[13] Souls have been featured multiple times in films, but most feature ghosts whose context are influenced by Christian, Western, or Chinese views, rather than traditional beliefs from the indigenous Philippine folk religions.

Some of these films include Feng Shui (2004), Wag Kang Lilingon (2006), Shake, Rattle and Roll X: Class Picture (2008), The Healing (2012), and Seklusyon (2016).