Born in Milan, Italy,[1] Dragoni started playing football at the age of four,[2] joining grassroots club Franco Scarioni,[3][4] before moving to Cimiano,[2][3][4] and then entering the junior academy of Pro Sesto in 2015.

[1][4][6] During the 2020–21 campaign, following the halt of several youth leagues due to the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic,[8] she was promoted to Inter's under-19 squad, aged just 14,[4][8] and contributed to a third-place finish in the national championship.

[6][9] Having been promoted to Inter's first team at the start of the 2022–23 season, under head coach Rita Guarino,[4][10] Dragoni made her professional debut on 20 November 2022, coming in as a substitute for Ghoutia Karchouni in the 74th minute of a goalless league draw against Fiorentina.

[31][32] She subsequently made her debut for the Azzurre on 1 July, coming on as a substitute in the second half of a friendly match against Morocco, which ended in a goalless draw:[33][34] at 16 years and 236 days, she became the youngest person to represent an Italian senior national football team in the 21st century,[7] but did not beat the all-time record, originally established by Carolina Morace in 1978.

[7][15] The following day, she was officially included in the final 23-women squad for the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup in Australia and New Zealand, aged just 16;[7][35][36] in the process, she became the second youngest player to get called up for the tournament, behind only Casey Phair.