During the 15th–17th centuries Glodeni continued to develop as a trade and economic region, with a significant increase in population.

The district is a hilly plain, fragmented by valleys which are higher in the west with a slight incline to their merge with the Prut.

In the western part of the district, the localities of Balatina, Cobani, Butesti, and Camenca possess a number of natural resources, including gravel and sand (near the Prut), building stone (Balatina, Butesti, Camenca, Cobani), limestone (Cuhnesti, Viişoara) and clay (Glodeni, Danu and Iabloana).

The district has fauna typical of Central Europe, including fox, weasel, marten, deer, woodpecker, turtle dove and pheasant in forests and boar, ondatra, otter, duck, wild cat, egret near the Prut.

Forests occupy 8.5 percent of the district, and consist of oak, acacia, poplar, ash, maple, elm and hazel.

The Pădurea Domnească nature reserve is located in the mid-Prut Valley area, extending 40 kilometres (25 mi) between Criva and Pruteni.

In the reserve are gorges, caves and waterfalls; a deposit of fossilized coral; over 3,500 prehistoric mounds of unknown origin; a 120 hectares (300 acres) prehistoric lake bed with trees reaching heights of 30–35 metres (98–115 ft) and a colony of over 1,000 herons which nest in the oaks.

The district contains 1,900 hectares (4,700 acres) of lakes and ponds, which are popular summer retreats for tourists and local people.

From 2001 to 2009, Glodeni District was part of the "north red" electoral region, in which the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova (PCRM) usually received over 50 percent of the vote.