Gonçalo António da Silva Ferreira Sampaio (29 March 1865 in São Gens de Calvos – 28 July 1937 in Porto) was a Portuguese botanist.

He studied mathematics at the University of Coimbra and chemistry, mineralogy and botany at the Polytechnic Academy of Porto.

From 1912 to 1935 he was a professor of botany at the faculty of sciences of the University of Porto.

[1][2] In 1923 Sampaio issued the exsiccata Lichenes de Portugal.

[3] As a taxonomist he described around 50 new species of vascular plants, five new species of desmids and about 70 new taxa of lichens that included the genus Carlosia (family Caliciaceae).