It is an energetic first-person participatory writing style in which the author is a protagonist, and it draws its power from a combination of social critique and self-satire.
Thompson, who was among the forefathers of the New Journalism movement, said in the February 15, 1973, issue of Rolling Stone, "If I'd written the truth I knew for the past ten years, about 600 people—including me—would be rotting in prison cells from Rio to Seattle today.
He described Thompson's article "The Kentucky Derby Is Decadent and Depraved", which was written for the June 1970 edition of Scanlan's Monthly, as "pure Gonzo journalism".
[4] Cardoso said gonzo was South Boston Irish slang describing the last man standing after an all-night drinking marathon.
The 2013 documentary Bayou Maharaja: The Tragic Genius of James Booker[8] quotes Thompson's literary executor as saying that the song was the origin of the term.
The term "gonzo" has also come into (sometimes pejorative) use to describe journalism in Thompson's style, characterized by a drug-fueled stream of consciousness writing technique.
Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas followed the Mint 400 piece in 1971 and included a main character by the name of Raoul Duke, accompanied by his attorney, Dr. Gonzo, with defining art by Ralph Steadman.
Historian Douglas Brinkley said gonzo journalism requires virtually no rewriting and frequently uses transcribed interviews and verbatim telephone conversations.
"[23] In 1998, Christopher Locke asserted that the webzine genre is descended from gonzo journalism,[24] a claim that has since been extended to social media.
It has been claimed that Thai writer Rong Wongsawan wrote in a style that was Gonzo, beginning in the 1960s when he reported from San Francisco.
These videos included a multi-day propaganda tour he received of North Korea, his visit to a Bangkok brothel, and on-the-ground reports of Darfur and Iran.
Vice also published on-the-ground reports from people experiencing current events, such as a 2007 issue written by Iraqi citizens about their ongoing experiences surrounding the Iraq War troop surge.