Goriška

The region stretches from the Julian Alps (Triglav) in the north down the Soča River to Nova Gorica and the Karst Plateau in the hinterland of Trieste.

Margrave Berengar had himself crowned King of Italy in 888, while the adjacent marches of Carinthia (former Carantania) and Carniola had become part of East Francia upon the 843 Treaty of Verdun.

When in 951 the East Frankish king Otto I of Germany invaded Italy, he seized the Friulan lands as part of the larger March of Verona, ruled by the Bavarian, later Carinthian dukes.

In 1077 King Henry IV of Germany enfeoffed the Patriarchs of Aquileia with Friuli;[7] the town of Gorizia (Görz) became the power base of their advocates from the comital Meinhardiner dynasty.

After the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the entire crown land of Gorizia and Gradisca with Trieste and the March of Istria as well as Carinthia and Carniola formed the Austrian Kingdom of Illyria with its capital at Ljubljana (Laibach).

The plain at the confluence of the Soča and Vipava rivers. In the foreground, Miren Castle and the village of Bilje .
Goriška, Inner Carniola and Slovene Istria territories annexed by Italy according to the Treaty of Rapallo